Stove



(Nomad.)

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No. 604,991. Patented May 91,1899.

V fff'l l w/r/vEssEs A TTOHNEYS.

'UmTEDL-Srms PATENTl )FFIcnV cI'IARIQs 'r. I .IICIIFIELD AND JosEPII T. IsAUGI-IER, oF sPoKANE,

WASHINGTON.

s'ro-VE.

' 'SPECIFICATION fofmgingpart of Letters Patent No. 604,991, dated my a1,- 189s.

. Anneau@ mamy 2v, 19"1. v yserial No. 646,037. ma man.:

To all whom it may concern.'

13e` it. known that-wm, CHARLES TIFFANY LITCHFiELD and JOSEPH T. BAUGHER, of Spokane, in the county of Spokane and State of Washington','have invented anew and useful Improvement in. Stoves, of which the follow-- l ing is a full, clear, and 'exact description.

The' object of the invention is to provide stoveswhich' will have'a down and` strong draft through thefuel, and so constructed that acoking orcharring surface will .be

,formed-in the fuel above the 'grate and'beneath the fuel-su pply, and whereby, further, a'

draft-supplyjwill be .provided above 'thefuel so direct as to throw the incoming air through the outerportions of the fuel, confining the Sov combustion to said outer surface of the fuel; and a'further object of the invention is to construct a stove in such manner that a maximum of heatwill be obtained by the consumption ofa minimum of fuel, andl whereby the feed from the reservoir to the fire-pot may be continuous and the danger of the material in v the reservoir becoming .ignited will be rei moved.' i

The invention consists in the novel con# struction and combination of the several parts, aswill be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outgin the claims.

Reference is to b e had'to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar charactersv of reference indi'- cate corresponding. parts `i'n both figures.

" smoke-pipe beingl shown in elevation; and Eig. 2`is`a central vertical section through the Figure 1 is a vertical central section through the main portion f a stove,` the upper portion ofthe magazine and the upper portion of the fire-pot of the stove.

' '-.The stove is provided with a base A, which `isprovided with a single chamber B, and at the'bottom'of the basean ash-,pan C is constructed communicating with the chamber .i'nthe base, the ashfpan being provided with a suitable door 10. The base is supported by legs 11 or the equivalents thereof. The fire -4 pot 12 is passed through .an opening in the top of the base into the chamber B of the laty.ter,theire-pot being provided with an extevrior ange 13, whichis bolted tothe -top of the'b se, l*and the bottom of the firepot is' cured`,which jacket extends a desired distance above the lire-pot and is attached to or held in engagement with the outer face of the firepot. This jacket is circular and may be made of sheet metal, if desired.

A casing 17 constitutes,practically, the outer body portion of the stove. ,This casing rests upon or may be attached to the base and extends around the tire-potand the jacket f6 and above the latter,;a spaceintervening -the casing, the jacket, and 'the fire-pot, and likewise the upper portion of the jacket and the -top 20 of said casing. Draft-openings or air-inlets 18 are made in the bottom portion' of the casing, the apertured portion of the casing beingcovered byone or more drafti slides 19, having openingscapable of registry with those in the casing. A magazine or a feeder'2l is passed through the top of the casing 20 and ,within the jacket 16, being spaced from the latter, and the lower end of the chamberbeing in lcommunication with the xfire-pot, and that an air-heatingspace 23 is` provided between the casing 17, the jacket 16, and the fire-pot 12 above the base of the stove.

The feeder or magazine 21 is provided with a removable top or' cover 25, preferably attached thereto in an air-tight manner, and a' smoke-pipe 24 is connected with the ba'sechamb'er B at the rear of the body portionof the stove.

In operation air to support combustion enters through the openings in the draft-slide vand the openings 18 in the casing 17. The' -said air passes through the annular passages IOO 23 and `22, thence through the fuel along the inner periphery of the re-pot 12, into the coml bustion or base chamber B, andy out through the smoke-pipe 24 into the atmosphere. The fuel intended to support combustion is placed in the feeder 21, being entered at the top when the cover 25 is removed. The air entering above the fuel through the annular space formed between the reservoir or magazine 21 and the jacket 16 is deflected from the center by reason of the. flaring lower end of the magazine and passes downward along the side of the fire-pot through the fuel, forming a ring of burning fuel, as shown by the lighter shadings in Fig. 1. The central portion of the fuel in the fire-pot does not obtain air sufficient to burn, except in its extreme lower portion and immediately over the grate,

and therefore the central mass of fuel in the,

re-potis slowlycoked or charred. The gases formed are drawn through the burning fuel and are consumed, and smoke production is therefore reduced to a minimum. As the outer orincandescent ring of fuel isconsu med the ashes fall through the openings in the firepot and grate, and the coke or charred fuel forming the core of the lire takes the place of said ashes. The magazine or feeder can therefore be filled with fuel from above, and a constant supply of fuel to the fire-pot may be secured.. As the draft is all in a downwardly direction, there will be little or no heat above the fire-pot, and therefore no gases will be formed in the fuel inside of the reservoir, nor can combustion take place therein. The air in passing through the annular chambers 22 and 23 is highly heated, combustion is easily regulated, and heat is more economically imparted to the air in the room than underthe ordinary construction of stove, and little, if any, waste heat passes up the chimney. Furthermore, a small quantity of fuel is burned at a time in comparison with the amount in the stove, thus providing ample time for the generation and combustion of the gases. All the gases must of necessity be drawn through the burning fuel and consumed. The fuel is confined within the fire-pot, and the inner portion will be practically coked by the heat imparted by the outer or incandescent ring offuel. Where the draft is not confined to the outer edges of the fuel, the fuel burns equally throughout the mass, and an imperfect combustion is the result; but by confining the zone of eombustionto the outer portion of the fuel a coking-space is formed at the center or core of the fuel mass.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a stove, a combustion-chamber, a casing on the combustion-chamber and having a closed top and draft-openings in its lower portion, a fire-box having its lower portion projecting into the combustion-chamber and provided at its upper end with an extension, said fire-box and its extension forming with the casing a heating-space, and a feeder or magazine projecting through the top of the casing and extending into the upper end of the re-box, said magazine forming with the extension of the fire-box an annular chamber through which the air from the heating-space passes to the fire-box, substantially as described.

2. In a stove, the combination with a base having a combustion-chamber from which leads a smoke-pipe, of a casing secured upon the top of the combustion-chamber and having a closed top and draft-openings in its lower portion, a rire-box supported upon the top of the combustion-chamber with its lower portion projecting into the same, a jacket scoured to the upper portion of the irebox,thc fire-box and it-s jacket being spaced from the casing to form an annular air-space, a feeder or magazine projecting through the top of the casing and extending into the jacket and upper portion of the fire box, the said feeder being of less diameter than the upper end of the fire-box and its jacket to form therewith an annularchamber and having its end flared outwardly, and a grate in the combustionchamber below the lower end of the fire-box, substantially as described.

3. In a stove, the combination,with a base having a chamber therein, a smoke-pipe connected with the said chamber, a fire-potattached to the base and extending downward into the chamber, the portion of the fire-pot in the chamber being slotted, forming a series of fingers, and a grate in the said chamber below the end of the fire-pot, of a jacket attached to the upper portion of the fire-pot, a casin g on the base and extending above the said jacket and surrounding it and the upper portion of the fire-pot to form an annu- IOO IOS

lar air-space, the said casing being provided with openings at its bottom, a draft-slide located lat the apertured portion of the casing, and a magazine or feeder passed through the upper portion of the casing and also through the jacket to the upper portion of the firepot, the lower yend of the magazine or feeder being outwardly flared, and' a space being provided between the magazine or feeder and said jacket, as specified.

CHARLES T. LITCIIFIELD. JOSEPH T. BAUGIIER. Witnesses:

M. W. MCLEAN, Guss W. ROCHE.

IIO 

